The G20, which stands for Group of Twenty, is considered one of the most important international forums for communication between the world’s major economies regarding global economic stability, trade, and sustainable development. These 50 important MCQs on G20 will provide students, aspirants, and researchers with understanding of members of G20, summits, objectives and significance. The questions are brief, factual, and in keeping with the most up-to-date discussions of international affairs.
Key Fact Sheet of G20
| Key Facts about G20 | Details |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1999 |
| Members | 19 countries + European Union (20 total) |
| Objective | Promote global economic stability and growth |
| Permanent Secretariat | No permanent secretariat |
| 2024 Presidency | Brazil |
| 2025 Presidency | South Africa |
| 2023 Presidency | India |
| Headquarters | None (rotating host nation) |
| Key Focus Areas | Economy, Climate, Sustainable Development, Global Trade |
| Latest Summit | 2024 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
Important 50 MCQs about G20
1. When was the G20 established?
A. 1997
B. 1998
C. 1999
D. 2000
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Details: G20 was founded in 1999 following the Asian financial crisis to promote international economic cooperation.
2. How many members are in the G20?
A. 19
B. 20
C. 21
D. 25
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Details: The G20 has 19 individual countries plus the European Union, making a total of 20 members.
3. Which country hosted the G20 Summit in 2023?
A. Japan
B. India
C. Brazil
D. Italy
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Details: India hosted the G20 Summit 2023 in New Delhi with the theme “One Earth, One Family, One Future.”
4. Which country will host the G20 Summit in 2025?
A. South Africa
B. USA
C. France
D. China
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Details: South Africa will host the 2025 G20 Summit, marking the first time an African nation chairs the group.
5. Which country hosted the G20 Summit in 2024?
A. Indonesia
B. Brazil
C. Italy
D. Japan
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Details: Brazil hosted the 2024 G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro.
6. Where was the first G20 meeting held?
A. London
B. Berlin
C. Washington D.C.
D. Tokyo
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Details: The first G20 meeting was held in Washington D.C. in December 1999.
7. What does “G20” stand for?
A. Group of Twenty Nations
B. Global 20 Organizations
C. General 20 Economies
D. Global Twenty Union
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Details: G20 stands for the Group of Twenty, representing major global economies.
8. Which country is not a member of G20?
A. South Korea
B. Spain
C. Saudi Arabia
D. Australia
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Details: Spain is not a member but is a permanent invitee to G20 meetings.
9. Which international organization regularly participates in G20?
A. UNESCO
B. IMF
C. WHO
D. ILO
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Details: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) regularly participates in G20 discussions.
10. Which of the following regions has no G20 member?
A. Africa
B. Europe
C. North America
D. Oceania
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Details: Until 2025, Africa had no G20 presidency; South Africa is the only African member.
11. When did G20 hold its first leaders’ summit?
A. 2007
B. 2008
C. 2009
D. 2010
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Details: The first G20 leaders’ summit was held in 2008 in Washington D.C. during the global financial crisis.
12. Who hosted the 2020 G20 Summit virtually?
A. Japan
B. Saudi Arabia
C. Indonesia
D. Italy
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Details: Due to COVID-19, Saudi Arabia hosted the G20 Summit virtually in 2020.
13. What was the theme of G20 India 2023?
A. Global Harmony
B. One Earth, One Family, One Future
C. Sustainable Tomorrow
D. Economic Unity
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Details: The theme reflected India’s vision of inclusive and sustainable global progress.
14. Which G20 nation is also a permanent member of the UN Security Council?
A. Japan
B. Brazil
C. France
D. South Korea
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Details: Five G20 countries (China, France, Russia, UK, USA) are permanent members of the UNSC.
15. Which European Union institution represents the EU in G20?
A. European Parliament
B. European Council and Commission
C. European Central Bank
D. European Court of Justice
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Details: Both the European Council and European Commission represent the EU in G20 meetings.
16. How often does G20 meet at leaders’ level?
A. Twice a year
B. Annually
C. Every two years
D. Every three years
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Details: The G20 leaders’ summit is held annually under a rotating presidency.
17. Which G20 country hosted the 2019 Summit?
A. Japan
B. Germany
C. Canada
D. India
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Details: Japan hosted the 2019 G20 Summit in Osaka.
18. Who chaired the G20 in 2023?
A. Narendra Modi
B. Joe Biden
C. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
D. Olaf Scholz
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Details: As India hosted G20 in 2023, Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired the meetings.
19. What is the main goal of the G20?
A. Promote military cooperation
B. Promote global economic stability
C. Promote cultural exchange
D. Reduce population growth
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Details: The G20 primarily focuses on stabilizing the world economy and promoting sustainable development.
20. How many G20 countries are in the European continent?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
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Details: The European G20 members are France, Germany, Italy, the UK, and the EU.
21. Which country hosted the first G20 Leaders’ Summit in 2008?
A. Germany
B. USA
C. UK
D. Canada
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Details: The first G20 Leaders’ Summit was held in Washington D.C., USA, in November 2008.
22. Which of the following countries is a founding member of G20?
A. Singapore
B. Mexico
C. Thailand
D. Egypt
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Details: Mexico was among the 19 original members of the G20 founded in 1999.
23. Which G20 member has the world’s largest economy?
A. China
B. USA
C. Germany
D. Japan
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Details: The United States holds the largest economy among all G20 members.
24. How is the G20 presidency decided?
A. Fixed rotation by alphabet
B. Regional rotation system
C. Voting by members
D. Permanent chair
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Details: The G20 presidency rotates annually among members from different regions.
25. Which of the following is a permanent guest country of G20?
A. Singapore
B. Spain
C. Netherlands
D. Sweden
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Details: Spain participates as a permanent guest in every G20 Summit.
26. Which year did India become the G20 President?
A. 2021
B. 2022
C. 2023
D. 2024
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Details: India assumed the G20 presidency for the first time in 2023.
27. Which G20 summit was held in Osaka, Japan?
A. 2017
B. 2018
C. 2019
D. 2020
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Details: The 2019 G20 Summit took place in Osaka, Japan.
28. Which country hosted the G20 Summit in 2021?
A. Saudi Arabia
B. Italy
C. Indonesia
D. Japan
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Details: Italy hosted the 2021 G20 Summit in Rome.
29. When did Indonesia host the G20 Summit?
A. 2021
B. 2022
C. 2023
D. 2024
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Details: Indonesia hosted the 2022 G20 Summit in Bali.
30. What was the theme of the Indonesia 2022 G20 Summit?
A. Recover Together, Recover Stronger
B. Global Resilience
C. One Future, One Vision
D. Building Back Better
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Details: The theme reflected Indonesia’s focus on post-pandemic recovery.
31. Which country will chair the G20 in 2026?
A. USA
B. India
C. Russia
D. USA (Expected rotation)
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Details: Based on the rotation system, the USA is likely to host in 2026.
32. Which G20 member country is also part of BRICS?
A. Italy
B. India
C. Japan
D. UK
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Details: India is a member of both G20 and BRICS.
33. How many G20 countries are also members of the OECD?
A. 12
B. 13
C. 14
D. 15
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Details: 14 of the 20 G20 members are also members of the OECD.
34. Which G20 country has the largest population?
A. China
B. India
C. Indonesia
D. Brazil
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Details: India became the world’s most populous country in 2023, surpassing China.
35. Which is the only African country in G20?
A. Nigeria
B. Egypt
C. South Africa
D. Kenya
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Details: South Africa is the only African member in the G20 group.
36. Which global financial crisis led to the formation of G20?
A. 1987 crisis
B. 1997 Asian Financial Crisis
C. 2008 global meltdown
D. 1990 oil crisis
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Details: The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis triggered the need for international financial coordination, leading to G20’s creation.
37. What is the “Troika” in G20 context?
A. A three-country decision group
B. A financial term
C. G20’s development bank
D. Trade alliance
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Details: The Troika consists of the past, current, and next G20 presidents ensuring policy continuity.
38. Who are the members of the 2025 G20 Troika?
A. India, Brazil, South Africa
B. Brazil, South Africa, USA
C. Indonesia, India, Brazil
D. Brazil, South Africa, Japan
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Details: The 2025 Troika includes India (past), Brazil (current), and South Africa (next).
39. How many summits has the G20 held till 2024?
A. 17
B. 18
C. 19
D. 20
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Details: By 2024, the G20 had held 20 leaders’ summits since 2008.
40. Which G20 summit adopted the “New Delhi Declaration”?
A. 2021
B. 2022
C. 2023
D. 2024
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Details: The New Delhi Declaration was adopted during India’s presidency in 2023.
41. Which G20 host introduced the concept of “Digital Economy Task Force”?
A. China
B. Turkey
C. Germany
D. Japan
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Details: China launched the Digital Economy Task Force during its 2016 presidency.
42. Which G20 member hosted the summit in 2017?
A. Germany
B. France
C. Canada
D. Russia
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Details: Germany hosted the 2017 G20 Summit in Hamburg.
43. What is the main focus of G20 finance ministers’ meetings?
A. Sports development
B. Global trade and monetary stability
C. Tourism growth
D. Cultural exchange
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Details: The finance track of G20 focuses on financial cooperation and macroeconomic coordination.
44. Which year did China host the G20 Summit?
A. 2014
B. 2015
C. 2016
D. 2017
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Details: China hosted the 2016 G20 Summit in Hangzhou.
45. How many G20 countries are in Asia?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
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Details: The six Asian members are China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea.
46. Which G20 summit first discussed climate finance?
A. 2009 London
B. 2010 Toronto
C. 2011 Cannes
D. 2015 Antalya
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Details: Climate finance was first discussed at the 2009 London G20 Summit.
47. Which G20 summit first included the African Union as a permanent member?
A. 2022 Bali
B. 2023 New Delhi
C. 2024 Rio de Janeiro
D. 2025 Pretoria
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Details: The African Union was admitted as a permanent member during the 2023 India G20 Summit.
48. Which country hosted the 2018 G20 Summit?
A. Argentina
B. Japan
C. UK
D. France
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Details: Argentina hosted the 2018 G20 Summit in Buenos Aires.
49. Which G20 member is known as the largest exporter of oil?
A. Russia
B. Saudi Arabia
C. USA
D. Canada
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Details: Saudi Arabia is the largest oil exporter among G20 nations.
50. What is the long-term vision of G20 in 2025?
A. Digital and inclusive global growth
B. Regional alliances
C. Protectionism and trade barriers
D. Political reforms
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Details: G20’s 2025 vision focuses on inclusive growth through digital transformation and sustainability.
The G20 continues to serve as a global platform uniting major economies to address pressing challenges like climate change, global inequality, and economic recovery. These 50 Key MCQs about G20 provide a detailed and updated understanding of its history, members, and global impact. Stay connected with the latest international developments to enhance your knowledge and exam preparation.