Australia is a multicultural and interesting country with a rich heritage, a stable political environment, and a distinct culture. In this article, you can learn 50 important multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on Australia. These MCQs cover important information on geography, government, history, national symbols, and recent events. This guide will help you if you are a student, a tourist, or are preparing for a quiz or exam. Let’s find out the important details and facts on Australia through these MCQs.
50 Important MCQs on Australia
1. What is the capital city of Australia?
A. Sydney
B. Melbourne
C. Canberra
D. Brisbane
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Details: Canberra is the capital of Australia and the center of the country’s federal government, located in the Australian Capital Territory.
2. Who is the head of state in Australia?
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Governor-General
D. King of the United Kingdom
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Details: Australia is a constitutional monarchy, and the King of the United Kingdom (currently King Charles III) is the head of state, represented locally by the Governor-General.
3. In which year did Australia become a federation?
A. 1901
B. 1788
C. 1945
D. 1899
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Details: Australia officially became a federation on January 1, 1901, uniting the six separate British colonies into one nation.
4. What is the name of Australia’s national anthem?
A. Advance Australia Fair
B. God Save the King
C. Waltzing Matilda
D. Land Down Under
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Details: “Advance Australia Fair” became the official national anthem in 1984, replacing “God Save the Queen.”
5. What is the currency of Australia?
A. Australian Pound
B. Dollar
C. Australian Dollar
D. Euro
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Details: The official currency is the Australian Dollar (AUD), which replaced the Australian Pound in 1966.
6. Who is the Prime Minister of Australia as of 2024?
A. Scott Morrison
B. Anthony Albanese
C. Malcolm Turnbull
D. Peter Dutton
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Details: Anthony Albanese became the 31st Prime Minister of Australia in May 2022, leading the Australian Labor Party.
7. Which is the largest state in Australia by area?
A. Victoria
B. New South Wales
C. Western Australia
D. Queensland
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Details: Western Australia is the largest state, covering about one-third of the country’s landmass.
8. Which ocean is located to the west of Australia?
A. Pacific Ocean
B. Indian Ocean
C. Atlantic Ocean
D. Southern Ocean
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Details: The Indian Ocean borders the western coast of Australia.
9. What type of government does Australia have?
A. Absolute Monarchy
B. Federal Parliamentary Democracy
C. Presidential Republic
D. Military Rule
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Details: Australia operates under a federal parliamentary democratic system within a constitutional monarchy.
10. How many states does Australia have?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 5
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Details: Australia has 6 states: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, and Tasmania.
11. What is the name of the native people of Australia?
A. Islanders
B. Aborigines
C. Maori
D. Aussies
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Details: Aboriginal Australians are the Indigenous people who have lived on the continent for over 60,000 years.
12. Which animal is featured on the Australian coat of arms?
A. Koala
B. Platypus
C. Emu and Kangaroo
D. Dingo
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Details: Both the emu and kangaroo appear on the coat of arms, as they are unique to Australia and cannot move backward easily.
13. What is the national flower of Australia?
A. Rose
B. Golden Wattle
C. Waratah
D. Sunflower
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Details: The golden wattle is the national floral emblem of Australia and symbolizes unity and resilience.
14. What landmark is located in Sydney and resembles a ship’s sails?
A. Sydney Harbour Bridge
B. Sydney Opera House
C. Queen Victoria Building
D. Eureka Tower
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Details: The Sydney Opera House is one of Australia’s most iconic buildings and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
15. Who is the monarch of Australia as of 2024?
A. Queen Elizabeth II
B. King Charles III
C. King William V
D. Queen Victoria
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Details: King Charles III is the current monarch of Australia, following the passing of Queen Elizabeth II in 2022.
16. What is Australia’s highest mountain?
A. Mount Warning
B. Mount Kosciuszko
C. Mount Ossa
D. Mount Townsend
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Details: Mount Kosciuszko, located in New South Wales, is the highest peak in Australia at 2,228 meters.
17. Which city is known as Australia’s cultural capital?
A. Sydney
B. Canberra
C. Brisbane
D. Melbourne
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Details: Melbourne is widely regarded as the cultural capital due to its vibrant arts, music, and food scenes.
18. What desert covers much of central Australia?
A. Gobi Desert
B. Sahara
C. Great Victoria Desert
D. Mojave Desert
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Details: The Great Victoria Desert is Australia’s largest desert, located in the central and western parts of the country.
19. When is Australia Day celebrated?
A. January 1
B. December 25
C. January 26
D. April 25
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Details: Australia Day is celebrated on January 26 to mark the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788.
20. Which famous reef is found off Australia’s northeast coast?
A. Red Sea Reef
B. Coral Triangle
C. Great Barrier Reef
D. Java Reef
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Details: The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest coral reef system and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
21. Which Australian state is an island?
A. Victoria
B. Tasmania
C. Queensland
D. New South Wales
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Details: Tasmania is an island state south of the mainland and known for its wilderness areas.
22. What sport is most popularly associated with Australia?
A. Soccer
B. Baseball
C. Cricket
D. Rugby
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Details: Cricket is one of the most followed sports in Australia, especially during summer.
23. Which major Australian river is the longest?
A. Yarra
B. Swan
C. Darling
D. Murray
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Details: The Murray River is the longest river in Australia, flowing across New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia.
24. What is the voting age in Australia?
A. 16
B. 18
C. 21
D. 20
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Details: Australian citizens aged 18 and over are required by law to vote in federal and state elections.
25. What is the name of Australia’s Parliament House?
A. Canberra House
B. National House
C. Parliament House
D. Federal Hall
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Details: Parliament House in Canberra is the meeting place of the Parliament of Australia, housing both the Senate and the House of Representatives.
26. What is the name of Australia’s national airline?
A. Virgin Australia
B. Qantas
C. Air Australia
D. Jetstar
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Details: Qantas is the flag carrier of Australia and one of the oldest airlines in the world, founded in 1920.
27. Which Australian city hosted the 2000 Summer Olympics?
A. Melbourne
B. Brisbane
C. Perth
D. Sydney
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Details: The 2000 Summer Olympics were held in Sydney, bringing global attention to the city.
28. Which Australian state has the highest population?
A. Victoria
B. New South Wales
C. Queensland
D. Western Australia
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Details: New South Wales is the most populous state, with Sydney as its capital and largest city.
29. What is the highest civilian honor awarded in Australia?
A. Australian Cross
B. Star of Australia
C. Order of Australia
D. Bravery Medal
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Details: The Order of Australia honors Australians for achievement or meritorious service.
30. What is Uluru also known as?
A. The Big Rock
B. Ayers Rock
C. Red Hill
D. Sandstone Mountain
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Details: Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock, is a sacred sandstone monolith in the Northern Territory.
31. How many houses are there in the Australian Parliament?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
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Details: The Australian Parliament is bicameral, consisting of the Senate (upper house) and the House of Representatives (lower house).
32. What is the official language of Australia?
A. English
B. French
C. Aboriginal
D. Spanish
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Details: English is the de facto official language and is spoken by the vast majority of the population.
33. What is the time zone of Sydney during daylight saving time?
A. GMT+8
B. GMT+9
C. GMT+11
D. GMT+10
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Details: Sydney operates at GMT+11 during daylight saving time.
34. Who appoints the Governor-General of Australia?
A. Prime Minister
B. Australian Parliament
C. High Court
D. Monarch of the UK
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Details: The Governor-General is appointed by the King of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Australian Prime Minister.
35. Which desert lies in central Australia?
A. Great Sandy Desert
B. Great Victoria Desert
C. Simpson Desert
D. Nullarbor Plain
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Details: The Simpson Desert is a large area of red sand dunes in central Australia.
36. Which natural disaster is common in Australia’s summer season?
A. Earthquake
B. Tsunami
C. Bushfire
D. Tornado
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Details: Australia frequently experiences bushfires during hot, dry summers, especially in forested and rural regions.
37. What is the traditional musical instrument of Indigenous Australians?
A. Bongo
B. Djembe
C. Sitar
D. Didgeridoo
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Details: The didgeridoo is a wind instrument developed by Indigenous Australians, made from hollowed-out wood.
38. What is the highest court in Australia?
A. Supreme Court
B. High Court
C. Federal Court
D. Appeals Court
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Details: The High Court of Australia is the supreme court in the judicial system and interprets the Constitution.
39. Which act established the Australian Constitution?
A. Constitution of 1901
B. Australian Act 1900
C. Federation Act
D. Commonwealth Act
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Details: The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900, passed by the British Parliament, created the Constitution.
40. What is the term for members of the Australian House of Representatives?
A. Senators
B. MPs
C. MLAs
D. MLCs
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Details: Members of the House of Representatives are called Members of Parliament (MPs).
41. What is the voting system used in the Australian Senate?
A. First-past-the-post
B. Runoff voting
C. Preferential voting
D. Proportional representation
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Details: The Senate uses a proportional representation system with a single transferable vote.
42. What is the minimum number of senators per state in Australia?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 12
D. 8
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Details: Each state has 12 senators in the Australian Senate to ensure equal representation.
43. What is the role of the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC)?
A. Conduct international diplomacy
B. Oversee military operations
C. Organize elections and referenda
D. Manage taxes
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Details: The AEC is an independent body responsible for conducting federal elections and referenda in Australia.
44. What is the name of Australia’s secret intelligence agency?
A. ASIO
B. ASIS
C. ADF
D. AEC
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Details: The Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) handles overseas intelligence gathering and national security.
45. What color is the Australian $50 banknote?
A. Green
B. Red
C. Yellow
D. Blue
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Details: The $50 Australian banknote is predominantly yellow and features David Unaipon and Edith Cowan.
46. Which famous beach is located in Sydney?
A. Surfers Paradise
B. Bondi Beach
C. Palm Beach
D. Cable Beach
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Details: Bondi Beach is a globally renowned beach and a popular tourist destination in Sydney.
47. What percentage of Australia’s population lives in urban areas?
A. 50%
B. 65%
C. 86%
D. 97%
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Details: Around 86% of Australians live in cities, making Australia one of the most urbanized countries.
48. What is the legislative capital of Australia?
A. Sydney
B. Canberra
C. Melbourne
D. Adelaide
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Details: Canberra is the seat of the federal government and hosts the Parliament House.
49. What environmental issue frequently affects the Great Barrier Reef?
A. Oil drilling
B. Coral bleaching
C. Logging
D. Earthquakes
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Details: Rising sea temperatures cause coral bleaching, severely damaging the Great Barrier Reef ecosystem.
50. What is the official motto of Australia?
A. Advance Australia
B. Unity is Strength
C. Let Us Rise
D. Australia for All
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Details: “Advance Australia” is the national motto, symbolizing progress and unity for the country.
These are the most important and key MCQs about the country of Australia.
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